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1 BC Romans invade England
410 AD City of Rome sacked by Alaric the Bold (Visigoths)
442 Roman troops leave Britain
452 Atilla the Hun enters Italy
455 The last Roman Emperor is overthrown
476 The last Roman Emperor in the West is overthrown
527-65 Justinian attempts to recover Roman Empire for the Byzantine Empire
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484 The Huns attack Persia and kill the Emperor
527-65 Under Justinian, the Byzantine Empire conquers much of the Middle East
579 At the end of the reign of Chosroes the First, the Sassanian Empire of Persia reaches its greatest extent
622 Muhammad flees from Mecca to Medina
630 Muhammad returns to Mecca and makes it the capital of his new empire
632 Death of Muhammad and the start of Arab expansion throughout the Middle East
642 The Arabs conquer Persia and overthrow the Sassanian Empire
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400 Axum in Ethiopia
429 The Vandals overrun the Roman Empire in north Africa and set up their own kingdom
535 The Byzantine Emperor Justinian conquers north Africa
639 Arabs invade Egypt
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535 Final collapse of Gupta Empire in India
581 Sui Dynasty founded in China
594 Buddhism becomes official religion of Japan
618-907 Tang Dynasty in China
624 Buddhism becomes the official religion of China
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c.300 The Mayan Empire begins
c.600 Teotihuacan is at the height of its power
c.600 Cities of Tiahuanaco and Huari in South America start to grow in size and importance
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711 Muslims invade Spain
732 Muslim armies defeated in France
750 The Feudal System starts to emerge
771-814 Charlemagne rules vast Frankish Empire in western Europe
793 Vikings start to raid Britain and France
843-870 Charlemagnes empire split in two parts
962 Otto the First of Germany crowned as the First Holy Roman Emperor
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756 The Islamic Empire starts to break up into independent countries
762 Baghdad is founded by Al-Mansur
971 Worlds first university is founded in Cairo
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c.700 Whole of north Africa is now controlled by Arabs and converts to Islam
c.700 Arab traders start to cross the Sahara and trade with the peoples to the south
700-1200 Empire of Ghana, the first great African empire grows rich on trade
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802 The Angkor kingdom is establish in Cambodia under the Khmer Dynasty
868 The Diamond Sutra is printed in China. It is the worlds oldest printed book
960-1127 Dung Dynasty rules China from Kaifeng
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c.750 Mayan Empire and Teotihuacan start to decline
c.900 Anasazi peoples of North America build pueblos in the cliffs
c.900 The Toltecs conquer the Mayas and build an empire in Central America
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1000-1150 Romanesque architecture popular in Europe
1050 Beginnings of universities in Europe
1066 the Norman duke, William the Conqueror, invades and conquers England
1086 Domesday Book completed
1096-99 First Crusade. Crusaders capture Jerusalem from Muslims
1100 Introduction of Arabic science and revival of classical works of Greeks and Romans
1154 Angevin Empire of England and France reaches its greatest extent
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1096-9 The First Crusade captures Jerusalem and establishes a number of Christian states in the area
1187 Jerusalem is recaptured from the Crusaders
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1071 East African ports of Kilwa and Gedi send ambassadors to China
1190 Lalibela becomes king of Ethiopia and starts to build new churches
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1003 Vikings sail to Vinland (Newfoundland) and possible explore coast as far south as Florida
c.1200 Aztecs begin to establish an empire in Mexico
1200 City of Cuzco is founded by the first Incas
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1215 Great Charter of Liberties, Magna Carta, signed by King John of England
1237 Mongols invade Russia, Hungary and Poland
1241 Hanseatic League established by Hamburg and Lubeck - a trading association
1337-1453 Hundred Years War between England and France
1347-53 Black Death sweeps Europe
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1258 The Mongols capture Baghdad
1261 the Mongol advance in the Middle East is stopped by the Egyptians
1291 The Crusaders are finally thrown out of the Holy land
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1235 The Kingdom of Mali is established
c.1250 The city of Jenne is founded
c.1300 Great Zimbabwe emerges as a major trading empire
1324 Mansa Musa, king of Mali, goes on a pilgrimage to Mecca and astounds everyone with his wealth
1418, 1422 Chinese fleets visit east Africa in search of trade
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1206 Temujin becomes supreme ruler of the Mongols and takes the name Genghis Khan
1211 Mongols invade China
1264 Kublai Khan becomes ruler of China and sets up Yuan Dynasty in 1280 that lasts to 1368
1271-95 The Venetian merchant Marco Polo travels across Asia to China
1333 China suffers terrible drought, famine, and floods, followed by the plague. Up to five million people die
1368 Ming Dynasty takes over in China
1369-1405 Tamerlane rules a new Mongol Empire based on Samarkand in central Asia
1421 Beijing (Peking) becomes the capital of China
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